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Jakob Beirowski

 

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Stabilisation of nanoparticles during freeze drying: The difference to proteins

The underlying concept for the stabilisation of proteins during freeze…

31 August 2011 | By Jakob Beirowski and Henning Gieseler, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Division of Pharmaceutics, Freeze Drying Focus Group

The underlying concept for the stabilisation of proteins during freeze drying is the formation of a glassy matrix in which the macromolecules remain isolated and immobilised. The concept relies on the so-called ‘vitrification hypothesis’ which assumes that the formation of an amorphous phase by lyoprotectants is mandatory to interact with…

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Application of DSC and MDSC in the development of freeze dried pharmaceuticals

Freeze drying of pharmaceuticals requires an adequate formulation design to…

3 December 2008 | By Jakob Beirowski, Pharmacist and Dr. Henning Gieseler, Assistant Professor, Division of Pharmaceutics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg

Freeze drying of pharmaceuticals requires an adequate formulation design to prevent low-temperature, freezing and drying stresses. The goal is to achieve a final product with long storage stability and elegant appearance. To meet these specifications the product temperature must be controlled below the critical formulation temperature during the freeze drying…