Phase 3a data from largest trial with liraglutide 3 mg demonstrated significantly greater weight loss versus placebo for adults with obesity

Results from the SCALE™ Obesity and Pre-diabetes phase 3a trial will be presented on 16 May, 2014 for the first time at the 23rd Annual Congress of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE). Data showed that after 56 weeks of treatment, liraglutide 3 mg, in combination with diet and exercise, provided significantly greater weight loss of 8% from baseline compared to 2.6% with placebo (p<0.0001). This is the largest trial in the SCALE™ programme investigating liraglutide 3 mg, an investigational once-daily glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue for weight management.

All treatment groups included a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. The proportion of adults achieving weight loss of 5% or more of their baseline body weight was 64% for liraglutide 3 mg treatment compared to 27% for placebo (p<0.0001). In addition, 33% of adults treated with liraglutide 3 mg achieved weight loss greater than 10% of their baseline body weight compared to 10% for placebo (p<0.0001).

“It is known that a sustained weight loss of 5–10% provides significant health benefits for adults with obesity,” said Xavier Pi-Sunyer, MD, Co-Director of The New York Obesity Nutrition Research Center and lead investigator of the trial. “The high proportion of people achieving this clinically meaningful weight loss is encouraging, particularly when seen in combination with the additional benefits beyond weight loss that are also being evaluated with liraglutide 3 mg treatment.”

In conjunction with weight loss, treatment with liraglutide 3 mg significantly reduced waist circumference by –8.19 cm, compared to –3.94 cm with placebo (p<0.0001). Furthermore, treatment with liraglutide 3 mg improved blood glucose levels, blood pressure and lipids levels.

The most frequently reported side effects associated with liraglutide 3 mg treatment were gastrointestinal (nausea and diarrhoea), which were mild to moderate, occurred shortly after liraglutide initiation, and were transient. Incidences of gallbladder disorders and pancreatitis were low but higher than in placebo-treated individuals. Gallbladder disorders were reported as 2.7 events per 100 patient-years of exposure (PYE) with liraglutide 3 mg treatment compared to 1.0 events per 100 PYE for placebo and pancreatitis as 0.3 events per 100 PYE with liraglutide 3 mg compared to 0.1 events per 100 PYE with placebo.

In December 2013, Novo Nordisk submitted a New Drug Application (NDA) to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and a Marketing Authorisation Application (MAA) to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for liraglutide 3 mg for chronic weight management in adults with obesity (BMI =30 kg/m2) and adults who are overweight (BMI =27 kg/m2) with comorbidities, as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity.¹ These applications are under review.

About liraglutide 3 mg

Liraglutide 3 mg is a once-daily glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue with 97% similarity to naturally occurring human GLP-1, a hormone that is released in response to food intake.2 Like human GLP-1, liraglutide 3 mg regulates appetite and food intake by decreasing hunger and increasing feelings of fullness and satiety after eating.3,4 The dual actions of liraglutide 3 mg on both appetite and blood glucose regulation (for people with pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes) hold therapeutic potential for people with obesity, both those with and without diabetes.

Liraglutide 3 mg is an investigational product and is not approved by the FDA or EMA.

About SCALE™ Obesity and Pre-diabetes

The SCALE™ Obesity and Pre-diabetes trial is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multinational trial in non-diabetic people with obesity and non-diabetic people who are overweight with comorbidities. There were 3731 participants randomised to treatment with liraglutide 3 mg or placebo in combination with diet and exercise. In addition, participants were further stratified to 56 weeks or 160 weeks of treatment based on pre-diabetes status at screening.

The objectives of this trial were to demonstrate clinically meaningful weight loss at 56 weeks as well as to investigate the long-term efficacy of liraglutide 3 mg to delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in participants with pre-diabetes at screening.

It is the largest of the phase 3a trials in the SCALE™ clinical development programme, which encompassed more than 5,000 people with obesity or people who are overweight with comorbidities.

Reference

1. Data on file. Novo Nordisk Inc: Plainsboro, NJ.